México y los exiliados que desplazó la violencia del nuevo siglo

A partir de la experiencia mexicana, este documento busca mostrar cómo el concepto de Desplazamiento Interno Forzado y su aplicación jurídica oculta muchas experiencias de migración forzada que se han producido en los albores del siglo XXI; particularmente, aquellas producidas en el marco de la violencia relacionada con el Crimen Organizado.
Published on January 25, 2024
Leticia Calderón Chelius y May-ek Querales | lanid, IDPs, Refugees, Violence, Americas (inc Caribbean)
Mexico. Protesta "Altar por lo que dejamos". 2012 © May-ek Querales Mendoza

Mexico. Protesta "Altar por lo que dejamos". 2012 © May-ek Querales Mendoza

Este documento de trabajo busca contribuir al debate en torno a la figura jurídica del Desplazamiento Interno Forzado, pues el término sólo reconoce la movilidad forzada que se produce al interior de un territorio nacional. A partir de la experiencia mexicana buscamos mostrar cómo el concepto de Desplazamiento Interno Forzado y su aplicación jurídica oculta muchas experiencias de migración forzada que se han producido en los albores del siglo XXI; particularmente, aquellas producidas en el marco de la violencia relacionada con el Crimen Organizado. Para lograr nuestro objetivo, retomamos la experiencia de un grupo de mexicanos desplazados que, ante la falta de política pública que les brindara protección y atención en México, se vieron obligados a huir del país, asumieron la identidad de exiliados en Estados Unidos y convirtieron esa experiencia en un motor de lucha y exigencia de justicia.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Desplazamiento interno forzado; migración forzada; política pública

Dra. Leticia Calderón Chelius: Profesora e investigadora del Instituto Mora. Miembro del sistema nacional de investigadores SNI, nivel 3. Presidenta del patronato de la asociación Sin Fronteras IAP. Coordinadora de la red de migrantologos.

Dra. May-ek Querales Mendoza: Profeso de asignatura en la FCPyS-UNAM. Candidata al sistema nacional de Investigadores SNI. Cofundadora del Grupo de Investigaciones en Antropología Social y Forense (GIASF). Hace investigación sobre la interacción entre la migración forzada y la desaparición de personas.

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Researching Internal Displacement publishes engaging and insightful short pieces of writing, artistic and research outputs, policy briefings and think pieces on internal displacement.

We welcome contributions from academics, practitioners, researchers, officials, artists, poets, writers, musicians, dancers, postgraduate students and people affected by internal displacement.

By Tomy Ncube and Una Murray | Mar 12, 2026
As climate impacts intensify, planned relocation is increasingly deployed as an adaptation strategy, yet outcomes for relocated communities remain consistently adverse. This paper argues that these failures stem from the treatment of planned relocation as a short-term, projectised disaster response rather than as a long-term developmental intervention. Drawing on social protection theory, this paper reconceptualises planned relocation as a form of social assistance, capable of delivering durable solutions. It demonstrates that planned relocation inherently performs preventive, protective, promotive, and potentially transformative social protection functions by minimising future climate risks, providing non-contributory transfers such as land and housing, and enabling livelihood reconstruction. However, when implemented outside formal social protection systems, these functions may collapse, often resulting in impoverishment and protracted displacement.
By Steve Miron, Dyuti Tasnuva Rifat, Tanjib Islam | Feb 25, 2026
Researching Internal Displacement is pleased to make this case study available as a stand-alone publication. Excerpted from a recent research and advocacy report by the Refugee Law Initiative, this case study of an urban informal settlement in Tongi, Bangladesh, examines the lived experience of loss and damage among people displaced in the context of climate change and left behind in climate action. Encouragingly, the case study also highlights a promising 'good practice' development intervention by the SAJIDA Foundation. In the case study, programme participants describe how Sajida’s multifaceted approach, which empowers women and girls, encourages positive behaviour change and prioritises psychosocial wellbeing across multiple programme workstreams, has helped restore agency, self-sufficiency and hope. SAJIDA’s programme shows how protracted displacement and associated losses and damages can be addressed and are not inevitable.
By Steven Miron, Dyuti Tasnuva Rifat, Tanjib Islam | Oct 21, 2025
Foregrounding the voices of people living in three different communities of displacement in Bangladesh, this field research and advocacy report examines the nexus of climate change, loss and damage and displacement. This comprehensive report highlights promising interventions by Bangladeshi civil society organisations that have helped internally displaced people (IDPs) living in protracted displacement move toward durable solutions. It also examines positive developments on the policy front, including Bangladesh's fledgling National Strategy on Internal Displacement Management (NSIDM). At the same time, it calls attention to how Bangladesh's protracted displacement crisis remains under acknowledged and therefore under addressed in national policy and programming. The findings and recommendations in this report are intended to inform the UNFCCC's Loss and Damage mechanism – the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD), the Santiago Network for Loss and Damage (SNLD) and the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) ExCom, including its Taskforce on Displacement. Each must urgently demonstrate its commitment to addressing the growing displacement crisis and supporting durable solution programming. The report's findings and recommendations are also relevant to intergovernmental, governmental and civil society organisations working in and outside Bangladesh. Furthermore, the report suggests how conventional durable solutions approaches to displacement must evolve to remain relevant in a world of escalating losses and damages resulting from climate change.