It’s Time for Solutions! Addressing Displacement and Other Human Mobility Challenges in the Context of Climate Change Loss and Damage

This brief advocates for a ‘durable solutions’ approach within the UNFCCC to averting, minimising and addressing displacement in the context of climate change. With the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD) now operationalised and the UNFCCC’s Loss and Damage landscape taking shape, this piece discusses how ‘durable solutions’ can serve to avert, minimise and address loss and damage associated with displacement.
Published on November 1, 2024
Loss and Damage and the Challenges of Human Mobility and Displacement Working Group and the Advisory Group on Climate Change and Human Mobility | idrp, IDPs, Disaster, Climate, United Nations

Displacement has been described by Walter Kälin as “the human face of loss and damage”, profoundly affecting human rights, well-being and development, particularly in climate vulnerable countries with limited resources to address its impacts. With the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD) now operationalised and the UNFCCC’s Loss and Damage landscape taking shape, ‘durable solutions’ approaches can provide a vital means for identifying entry points for addressing loss and damage. Relatedly, addressing the losses and damages associated with displacement and other mobility challenges is vital to the achievement of ‘durable solutions’.  This brief highlights the specific actions that the Fund for Addressing Loss and Damage and other UNFCCC stakeholder bodies, expert groups and organisations should take to support, prioritise and mainstream ‘durable solutions approaches’ into policy and practice. The brief also spotlights the critical COP 29 actions and decisions required for ‘solutions’.

This advocacy brief is co-published by the Loss and Damage Collaboration and Researching Internal Displacement. It can also be found also on the Loss and Damage Collaboration webpage.

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This advocacy brief was developed by the Loss and Damage and the Challenges of Human Mobility and Displacement Working Group and the Advisory Group on Climate Change and Human Mobility. Both groups are coalitions of practitioners, researchers, lawyers and activists working on human mobility at local, national and global levels.

 

Image Credits

Cover image: Cholistan, Punjab, Pakistan-September, 8, 2018. A man with his solar panel charges his mobile phone in a remote area of Cholistan Desert. Image credit: Farhan Riaz / Shutterstock.

Loss and Damage Collaboration logo: Sundarbans web, by the European Space Agency, Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2016), processed by ESA, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

 

HOW TO CONTRIBUTE

Researching Internal Displacement publishes engaging and insightful short pieces of writing, artistic and research outputs, policy briefings and think pieces on internal displacement.

We welcome contributions from academics, practitioners, researchers, officials, artists, poets, writers, musicians, dancers, postgraduate students and people affected by internal displacement.

By Assma Jihad Awkal and Jasmin Lilian Diab | Nov 20, 2025
This short article spotlights what the authors introduce as “the feminization of recovery” of internally displaced communities in Lebanon's southern border with Israel, where women’s unpaid and unrecognized efforts sustain reconstruction in the absence of formal systems following the ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah one year ago. The October 2023 conflict along Lebanon’s southern border displaced thousands, with female-headed households (FHHs) among the most affected. Returning after the ‘ceasefire,’ many women faced destroyed homes, scarce livelihoods, and gender norms privileging male breadwinners, all compounded by Lebanon’s refusal to recognize internally displaced persons (IDPs). Without legal acknowledgement or state support, women relied on informal networks, care work, and community solidarity to rebuild. Drawing on qualitative research (2023-2025), this commentary examines how FHHs transform survival into agency, turning daily labor and mutual support into the backbone of recovery. Recognizing their roles demands a policy shift from short-term aid to gender-sensitive livelihoods, housing repair, psychosocial support, and municipal funding that affirms women not as victims of war, but as architects of post-conflict renewal.
By Guled Ali | Nov 13, 2025
The Somali Region of Ethiopia has shifted toward local integration as a preferred solution for over one million internally displaced persons (IDPs). This piece examines how the Somali Region's policy blueprint provides a valuable model for integrating displacement responses into development strategies. The blueprint features evidence-based policy, institutional coordination, and community incentives, including plans to transform Qoloji, the region’s largest IDP site, into a city-level administrative or district hub. By placing IDPs at the center of decision-making and adapting to specific social and economic contexts, the Region advances durable, equitable, and development-oriented solutions that offer lessons for Ethiopia and beyond.
By Rachel Stromsta | Nov 6, 2025
This article calls attention to the escalating displacement crisis in South Sudan, where the overlapping impacts of conflict and climate change are deepening insecurity for IDPs and others in displacement affected communities. Highlighting the links between climate events, localized violence and displacement, the article calls on government and civil society stakeholders to acknowledge the worsening 'dual crisis' and do more to embed climate risk management strategies, including disaster risk reduction and climate adaption programming, into civilian protection and conflict resolution policies. Such measures should also support community-based adaptation practices that address IDP needs, empower community leaders and contribute to long-term stability in communities where IDPs reside.